| THEY
HAVE/ARE |
| Bilaterally symmetrical |
| A large retractable head
region, and spiny or scaly trunk |
| An alimentary system with
mouth surrounded by spines or hooks |
| Larva enclosed in cuticular
plates |
| A hydrostatic
skeleton |
| A nervous system with ventral
cord |
| Separate sexes and external
fertilisation |
| Marine |
At present only about
16 species of Priapula have been described, though fossil evidence dates back
to the Cambrian. They are up to 15 cm long
and are found in colder waters at a variety of depths. Their body cavity has a
mesodermal lining, so they can be regarded as coelomate; however the lining is
unlike that of other coelomates. The cuticular trunk is moulted periodically.
Circular and longitudinal muscles exert the pressure required to evert the head
region (see Priapulus bicaudatus right). The larvae move through the sediment using their head
region as an anchor, but adults are rarely good burrowers. They are predators feeding on slow-moving animals, especially worms. |
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